IEC 62271-1 High-voltage switchgear and controlgear – Part 1: Common specifications for alternating current switchgear and controlgear

Home Technical

CONTENTS


FOREWORD 8

INTRODUCTION 11

1Scope 12

2Normative references 12

3Terms and definitions 14

3.1General terms and definitions 15

3.2Assemblies of switchgear and controlgear 18

3.3Parts of assemblies 18

3.4Switching devices 18

3.5Parts of switchgear and controlgear 18

3.6Operational characteristics of switchgear and controlgear 22

3.6.5Terms and definitions relative to pressure (or density) 23

3.6.6Terms and definitions relating to gas and vacuum tightness 23

3.6.7Terms and definitions relating to liquid tightness 25

3.7Characteristic quantities 25

3.8Index of definitions 26

4Normal and special service conditions 28

4.1Normal service conditions 28

4.1.1General 28

4.1.2Indoor switchgear and controlgear 28

4.1.3Outdoor switchgear and controlgear 29

4.2Special service conditions 29

4.2.1General 29

4.2.2Altitude 29

4.2.3Exposure to pollution 30

4.2.4Temperature and humidity 30

4.2.5Exposure to abnormal vibrations, shock or tilting 30

4.2.6Wind speed 31

4.2.7Other parameters 31

5Ratings 31

5.1General 31

5.2Rated voltage (Ur) 31

5.2.1General 31

5.2.2Range I for rated voltages of 245 kV and below 31

5.2.3Range II for rated voltages above 245 kV 32

5.3Rated insulation level (Ud, Up, Us) 32

5.4Rated frequency (fr) 36

5.5Rated continuous current (Ir) 36

5.6Rated short-time withstand current (Ik) 36

5.7Rated peak withstand current (Ip) 37

5.8Rated duration of short-circuit (tk) 37

5.9Rated supply voltage of auxiliary and control circuits (Ua) 37

5.9.1General 37

5.9.2Rated supply voltage (Ua) 37

5.10Rated supply frequency of auxiliary and control circuits 38

5.11Rated pressure of compressed gas supply for controlled pressure systems 38

6Design and construction 39

6.1Requirements for liquids in switchgear and controlgear 39

6.2Requirements for gases in switchgear and controlgear 39

6.3Earthing of switchgear and controlgear 39

6.4Auxiliary and control equipment and circuits 39

6.4.1General 39

6.4.2Protection against electric shock 40

6.4.3Components installed in enclosures 40

6.5Dependent power operation 43

6.6Stored energy operation 43

6.6.1General 43

6.6.2Energy storage in gas receivers or hydraulic accumulators 44

6.6.3Energy storage in springs (or weights) 44

6.6.4Manual charging 44

6.6.5Motor charging 44

6.6.6Energy storage in capacitors 44

6.7Independent unlatched operation (independent manual or power operation) 44

6.8Manually operated actuators 45

6.9Operation of releases 45

6.9.1General 45

6.9.2Shunt closing release 45

6.9.3Shunt opening release 45

6.9.4Capacitor operation of shunt releases 45

6.9.5Under-voltage release 46

6.10Pressure/level indication 46

6.10.1Gas pressure 46

6.10.2Liquid level 46

6.11Nameplates 46

6.11.1General 46

6.11.2Application 46

6.12Locking devices 48

6.13Position indication 48

6.14Degrees of protection provided by enclosures 48

6.14.1General 48

6.14.2Protection of persons against access to hazardous parts and protection

of the equipment against ingress of solid foreign objects (IP coding) 48

6.14.3Protection against ingress of water (IP coding) 48

6.14.4Protection against mechanical impact under normal service conditions

(IK coding) 48

6.15Creepage distances for outdoor insulators 49

6.16Gas and vacuum tightness 49

6.16.1General 49

6.16.2Controlled pressure systems for gas 49

6.16.3Closed pressure systems for gas 49

6.16.4Sealed pressure systems 50

6.17Tightness for liquid systems 50

6.17.1General 50

6.17.2Leakage rates 50

6.18Fire hazard (flammability) 50

6.19Electromagnetic  compatibility (EMC) 50

6.20X-ray emission 51

6.21Corrosion 51

6.22Filling levels for insulation, switching and/or operation 51

7Type tests 51

7.1General 51

7.1.1Basics 51

7.1.2Information for identification of test objects 51

7.1.3Information to be included in type-test reports 52

7.2Dielectric tests 52

7.2.1General 52

7.2.2Ambient air conditions during tests 52

7.2.3Wet test procedure 53

7.2.4Arrangement of the equipment 53

7.2.5Criteria to pass the test 54

7.2.6Application of the test voltage and test conditions 54

7.2.7Tests of switchgear and controlgear of Ur  245 kV 58

7.2.8Tests of switchgear and controlgear of Ur > 245 kV 58

7.2.9Artificial pollution tests for outdoor insulators 59

7.2.10Partial discharge tests 59

7.2.11Dielectric tests on auxiliary and control circuits 59

7.2.12Voltage test as condition check 59

7.3Radio interference voltage (RIV) test 60

7.4Resistance measurement 60

7.4.1Measurement of the resistance of auxiliary contacts class 1 and class 2 60

7.4.2Measurement of the resistance of auxiliary contacts class 3 60

7.4.3Electrical continuity of earthed metallic parts test 60

7.4.4Resistance measurement of contacts and connections in the main

circuit as a condition check 60

7.5Continuous current tests 61

7.5.1Condition of the test object 61

7.5.2Arrangement of the equipment 61

7.5.3Test current and duration 62

7.5.4Temperature measurement during test 63

7.5.5Resistance of the main circuit 64

7.5.6Criteria to pass test 64

7.6Short-time withstand current and peak withstand current tests 68

7.6.1General 68

7.6.2Arrangement of the equipment and of the test circuit 68

7.6.3Test current and duration 69

7.6.4Conditions of the test object after test 70

7.7Verification of the protection 70

7.7.1Verification of the IP coding 70

7.7.2Verification of the IK coding 70

7.8Tightness tests 71

7.8.1General 71

7.8.2Controlled pressure systems for gas 72

7.8.3Closed pressure systems for gas 72

7.8.4Sealed pressure systems 73

7.8.5Liquid tightness tests 73

7.9Electromagnetic compatibility tests (EMC) 73

7.9.1Emission tests 73

7.9.2Immunity tests on auxiliary and control circuits 76

7.9.3Additional EMC tests on auxiliary and control circuits 78

7.10Additional tests on auxiliary and control circuits 79

7.10.1General 79

7.10.2Functional tests 79

7.10.3Verification of the operational characteristics of auxiliary contacts 79

7.10.4Environmental tests 80

7.10.5Dielectric test 81

7.11X-radiation test for vacuum interrupters 81

7.11.1General requirements 81

7.11.2Test voltage and measurement procedure 83

7.11.3Acceptance criteria 83

8Routine tests 84

8.1General 84

8.2Dielectric test on the main circuit 84

8.3Tests on auxiliary and control circuits 85

8.3.1Inspection of auxiliary and control circuits, and verification of conformity

to the circuit diagrams and wiring diagrams 85

8.3.2Functional tests 85

8.3.3Verification of protection against electrical shock 85

8.3.4Dielectric tests 85

8.4Measurement of the resistance of the main circuit 85

8.5Tightness test 86

8.5.1General 86

8.5.2Controlled pressure systems for gas 86

8.5.3Closed pressure systems for gas 86

8.5.4Sealed pressure systems 86

8.5.5Liquid tightness tests 86

8.6Design and visual checks 86

9Guide to the selection of switchgear and controlgear (informative) 87

9.1General 87

9.2Selection of rated values 87

9.3Cable-interface  considerations 87

9.4Continuous or temporary overload due to changed service conditions 87

9.5Environmental aspects 87

9.5.1Service conditions 87

9.5.2Clearances affected by service conditions 87

9.5.3High humidity 87

9.5.4Solar radiation 88

10Information to be given with enquiries, tenders and orders (informative) 88

10.1General 88

10.2Information with enquiries and orders 88

10.3Information with tenders 89

11Transport, storage, installation, operating instructions and maintenance 90

11.1General 90

Conditions during transport, storage and installation 90

11.3Installation 90

11.3.1General 90

11.3.2Unpacking and lifting 90

11.3.3Assembly 91

11.3.4Mounting 91

11.3.5Connections 91

11.3.6Information about gas and gas mixtures for controlled and closed

pressure systems 91

11.3.7Final installation inspection 92

11.3.8Basic input data by the user 92

11.3.9Basic input data by the manufacturer 92

11.4Operating instructions 93

11.5Maintenance 93

11.5.1General 93

11.5.2Information about fluids and gas to be included in maintenance manual 93

11.5.3Recommendations for the manufacturer 93

11.5.4Recommendations for the user 94

11.5.5Failure report 95

12Safety 96

12.1General 96

12.2Precautions by manufacturers 97

12.3Precautions by users 97

13Influence of the product on the environment 97

Annex A (normative)  Identification of test objects 99

A.1General 99

A.2Data 99

A.3Drawings 99

Annex B (informative)  Determination of the equivalent RMS value of a short-time

current during a short-circuit of a given duration 101

Annex C (normative)  Method for the weatherproofing test for outdoor switchgear and

controlgear 102

Annex D (informative)  References for auxiliary and control circuit components 105

Annex E (normative)  Tolerances on test quantities during tests 107

Annex F (informative)  Information and technical requirements to be given with

enquiries, tenders and orders 110

F.1General 110

F.2Normal and special service conditions (refer to Clause 4) 110

F.3Ratings (refer to Clause 5) 111

F.4Design and construction (refer to Clause 6) 111

F.5System information 112

F.6Documentation for enquiries and tenders 112

Annex G (informative)  List of symbols 113

Annex H (informative)  Electromagnetic compatibility on site 114

Annex I (informative)  List of notes concerning certain countries 115

Annex J (informative)  Extension of validity of type tests 116

J.1General 116

J.2Dielectric tests 116

J.3Short-time withstand current tests 116

J.4Continuous current test 116

J.5Electromagnetic immunity test on auxiliary and control circuits 117

J.6Environmental tests on auxiliary and control circuits 117

Annex K (informative)  Exposure to pollution 118

K.1General 118

K.2Pollution levels 118

K.3Minimum requirements for switchgear 118

Bibliography 120

Figure 1 – Examples of classes of contacts 43

Figure 2 – Diagram of connections of a three-pole switching device 55

Figure 3 – Diagram of a test circuit for the radio interference voltage test 74

Figure 4 – Test location of radiation survey instrument 83

Figure B.1 – Determination of short-time current 101

Figure C.1 – Arrangement for weatherproofing test 103

Figure C.2 – Nozzle for weatherproofing test 104

Table 1 – Rated insulation levels for rated voltages of range I, series I 33

Table 2 – Rated insulation levels for rated voltages of range I, series II (based on

current practice in some countries, including US) 34

Table 3 – Rated insulation levels for rated voltages of range II 35

Table 4 – Additional rated insulation levels for range II, based on current practice in

some countries, including US 36

Table 5 – Peak factors for rated peak withstand current 37

Table 6 – Direct current voltage 38

Table 7 – Alternating current voltage 38

Table 8 – Auxiliary contact classes 42

Table 9 – Nameplate information 47

Table 10 – Test conditions in general case 55

Table 11 – Power-frequency test conditions 56

Table 12 – Impulse test conditions 57

Table 13 – Test conditions for the alternative method 57

Table 14 – Limits of temperature and temperature rise for various parts, materials and

dielectrics of high-voltage switchgear and controlgear 65

Table 15 – Permissible leakage rates for gas systems 72

Table 16 – Application of voltages at the fast transient/burst test 77

Table 17 – Application of voltage at the damped oscillatory wave test 77

Table 18 – Assessment criteria for transient disturbance immunity 78

Table D.1 – List of reference documents for auxiliary and  control circuit components 105

Table E.1 – Tolerances on test quantities for type test 108

Table K.1 – Environmental examples by site pollution severity (SPS) class 119

Table K.2 – Minimum nominal specific creepage  distance by pollution level 119


HIGH-VOLTAGE SWITCHGEAR AND CONTROLGEAR –


Part 1: Common specifications for alternating current switchgear and controlgear


1 Scope


This part of IEC 62271 applies to AC switchgear and controlgear designed for indoor and/or outdoor installation and for operation at service frequencies up to and including 60 Hz and having rated voltages above 1 000 V.


This document applies to all high-voltage switchgear and controlgear except as otherwise specified in the relevant IEC standards for the particular type of switchgear and controlgear.


NOTE  For the use of this document, high-voltage is defined as the rated voltage above 1 000 V. However, the term medium voltage is commonly used for distribution systems with voltages above 1 kV and generally applied up to and including 52 kV.


2 Normative references


The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.


IEC 60038:2009, IEC standard voltages


IEC 60050-131:2002, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) – Part 131: Circuit theory


IEC 60050-151:2001, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) – Part 151: Electrical and magnetic devices


IEC 60050-192:2015, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) – Part 192: Dependability


IEC 60050-351, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) – Part 351: Control technology


IEC 60050-441:1984, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) – Part 441: Switchgear, controlgear and fuses

IEC 60050-441:1984/AMD1:2000


IEC 60050-551, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) – Part 551: Power electronics


IEC 60050-581:2008, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) – Part 581: Electromechanical components for electronic equipment


IEC 60050-601, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) – Chapter 601: Generation, transmission and distribution of electricity – General


IEC 60050-605, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) – Chapter 605: Generation, transmission and distribution of electricity – Substations


IEC 60050-614:2016, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) – Part 614: Generation, transmission and distribution of electricity – Operation


IEC 60050-811, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) – Part 811: Electric traction


IEC 60050-826:2004, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) – Part 826: Electrical installations


IEC 60060-1:2010, High-voltage test techniques – Part 1: General definitions and test requirements


IEC 60068-2-1:2007, Environmental testing – Part 2-1: Tests – Test A: Cold


IEC 60068-2-2:2007, Environmental testing – Part 2-2: Tests – Test B: Dry heat


IEC 60068-2-30:2005, Environmental testing – Part 2-30: Tests – Test Db: Damp heat, cyclic (12 h + 12 h cycle)


IEC 60071-1:2006, Insulation co-ordination – Part 1: Definitions, principles and rules

IEC 60071-1:2006/AMD1:2010


IEC 60071-2:1996, Insulation co-ordination – Part 2: Application guide


IEC 60085:2007, Electrical insulation – Thermal evaluation and designation


IEC 60255-21-1:1988, Electrical relays – Part 21: Vibration, shock, bump and seismic tests on measuring relays and protection equipment – Section One: Vibration tests (sinusoidal)


IEC 60270, High-voltage test techniques – Partial discharge measurements


IEC 60296,  Fluids  for  electrotechnical  applications  –  Unused  mineral  insulating  oils  for transformers and switchgear


IEC 60376, Specification of technical grade sulphur hexafluoride (SF6) for use in electrical equipment


IEC 60480, Guidelines for the checking and treatment of sulphur hexafluoride (SF6) taken from electrical equipment and specification for its re-use


IEC 60507, Artificial pollution tests on high-voltage ceramic and glass insulators to be used on a.c. systems


IEC 60512-2-2, Connectors for electronic equipment – Tests and measurements – Part 2-2: Electrical continuity and contact resistance tests – Test 2b: Contact resistance – Specified test current method


IEC 60529:1989, Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP Code)

IEC 60529:1989/AMD1:1999

IEC 60529:1989/AMD2:2013


IEC TS 60815-1:2008, Selection and dimensioning of high-voltage insulators intended for use in polluted conditions – Part 1: Definitions, information and general principles


IEC TS 60815-2:2008, Selection and dimensioning of high-voltage insulators intended for use in polluted conditions – Part 2: Ceramic and glass insulators for a.c. systems


IEC TS 60815-3:2008, Selection and dimensioning of high-voltage insulators intended for use in polluted conditions – Part 3: Polymer insulators for a.c. systems


IEC 61000-4-4, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 4-4: Testing and measurement techniques – Electrical fast transient/burst immunity test


IEC 61000-4-11, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 4-11: Testing and measurement techniques – Voltage dips, short interruptions and voltage variations immunity tests


IEC 61000-4-17:2009, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 4-17: Testing and measurement techniques – Ripple on d.c. input power port immunity test


IEC 61000-4-18, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 4-18: Testing and measurement techniques – Damped oscillatory wave immunity test


IEC 61000-4-29, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 4-29: Testing and measurement techniques – Voltage dips, short interruptions and voltage variations on d.c. input power port immunity tests


IEC 61000-6-2,  Electromagnetic  compatibility  (EMC)  –  Part  6-2:  Generic  standards  – Immunity for industrial environments


IEC 61000-6-5, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 6-5: Generic standards – Immunity for equipment used in power station and substation environment


IEC 61180, High-voltage test techniques for low-voltage equipment – Definitions, test and procedure requirements, test equipment


IEC 61810-7:2006, Electromechanical elementary relays – Part 7: Test and measurement procedures


IEC 62262:2002, Degrees of protection provided by enclosures for electrical equipment against external mechanical impacts (IK code)


IEC 62271-4, High-voltage switchgear and controlgear – Part 4: Handling procedures for sulphur hexafluoride (SF6) and its mixtures


CISPR 11:2015, Industrial, scientific and medical equipment – Radio-frequency disturbance characteristics – Limits and methods of measurement


CISPR TR 18-2, Radio interference characteristics of overhead power lines and high-voltage equipment – Part 2: Methods of measurement and procedure for determining limits


Table 1 Rated insulation levels for rated voltages of range I, series I

 

Rated voltage Ur

kV (RMS value)

Rated short-duration power-frequency withstand voltage

Ud

kV (RMS value)

Rated lightning impulse withstand voltage

Up

kV (peak value)

Common value

Across the

isolating distance

Common value

Across the isolating distance

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

 

3,6

 

10

 

12

20

23

40

46

 

7,2

 

20

 

23

40

46

60

70

 

12

 

28

 

32

60

70

75

85

 

17,5

 

38

 

45

75

85

95

110

 

24

 

50

 

60

95

110

125

145

 

36

 

70

 

80

145

165

170

195

40,5 (NOTE)

80

90

185

215

52

95

110

250

290

72,5

140

160

325

375

 

100

150

175

380

440

185

210

450

520

 

123

185

210

450

520

230

265

550

630

 

145

230

265

550

630

275

315

650

750

 

170

275

315

650

750

325

375

750

860

 

 

245

360

415

850

950

395

460

950

1 050

460

530

1 050

1 200

NOTE  The rated voltage of 40,5 kV is recognized in IEC 60038:2009 with a note that unification with the rated voltage of 36 kV is under consideration. Present values are adopted from IEC 60071-1:2006, Annex B.


Table 2 Rated insulation levels for rated voltages of range I, series II (based on current practice in some countries, including US)

 

Rated voltage Ur

kV (RMS value)

Rated short-duration power-frequency withstand voltage

Ud

kV (RMS value)

Rated lightning impulse withstand voltage

Up

kV (peak value)

Common value

Across the

isolating distance

Common value

Across the isolating distance

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

4,76

19

21

60

66

8,25

36

40

95

105

15 (NOTE)

36

40

95

105

 

15,5

36

40

95

105

50

55

110

121

 

25,8 (NOTE)

 

60

 

66

125

138

150

165

 

27

60

66

125

138

70

77

150

165

 

 

38

70

77

150

165

80

88

170

187

95

105

200

220

 

48,3

105

115

250

275

120

132

250

275

 

72,5

160

--

350

385

175

193

350

385

 

123

260

286

550

--

280

308

550

605

 

145

310

--

650

--

335

369

650

715

 

170

365

--

750

--

385

424

750

825

 

245

425

--

900

--

465

512

900

990

NOTE  For 15 kV and 25,8 kV ratings, see NOTE 1 and NOTE 2 in 5.2.2.


Table D.1 List of reference documents for auxiliary and control circuit components (1 of 2)

 

Device


IEC standard

 

 

 

Cables and wiring

Insulation of PVC wiring

IEC 60227 (all

parts) [36]

Size and area of conductors

IEC 60228 [37]

Insulation of rubber cable

IEC 60245 (all

parts)[38]

Identification

IEC 60445 [39]

 

 

Terminals

Terminal blocks for round wire

IEC 60947-7-1 [40]

Protective terminal blocks for round wire

IEC 60947-7-2 [41]

Identification

IEC 60445 [39]

 

 

Relays

All-or-nothing  relays

IEC 61810 (all

parts) [42]

Voltage ratings and operating range of all-or-nothing relays

IEC 61810-1 [43]

Performance of relay contacts

IEC 61810-2 [44]

 

 

 

 

Contactors and motor starters

Electromechanical contactors for closing and opening electrical circuit

IEC 60947-4-1 [45]

Electromechanical contactors combined with relay for short-circuit protection

IEC 60947-2 [46]

Motor starters (AC)

IEC 60947-4-1 [45]

AC semiconductor motor controllers

IEC 60947-4-2 [47]

Motor protective overload relays

IEC 60947-4-1 [45]

 

 

 

 

 

 

Low-voltage switches

Low-voltage switches for motor circuits and distribution circuits

IEC 60947-3 [48]

Manual control switches and push-buttons

IEC 60947-5-1 [49]

Pilot switches: pressure, temperature switches etc.

IEC 60947-5-1 [49]

Household humidity sensing controls

IEC 60730-2-13 [50]

Household switches

IEC 60669-1 [51]

Household thermostats

IEC 60730-2-9 [52]

Lever (toggle) switch

IEC 61020-1 [53]

Graphical symbols for manual switches

IEC 60417 [26]

Colours of lights for manual switches

IEC 60073 [25]



Table D.1 (2 of 2)

 

Device


IEC standard

Low-voltage circuit-breakers and low-voltage circuit-

breakers with residual current protection

Requirements

IEC 60947-2 [46]

Low-voltage fuses

General requirements

IEC 60269-1 [54]

Supplementary requirements for fuses for use by authorized persons (fuses mainly for industrial

application) Examples of standardized systems of fuses A to K

IEC 60269-2 [55]

Low-voltage disconnectors

Requirements

IEC 60947-3 [48]

Motors

Requirements

IEC 60034-1 [56]

Meters

Analogue meters

IEC 60051-1 [57]

Ammeters and voltmeters

IEC 60051-2 [58]

Frequency meters

IEC 60051-4 [59]

Phase-angle and power-factor meters

IEC 60051-5 [60]

Lamp used as an indicator

Requirements

IEC 60947-5-1 [49]

Graphical symbols

IEC 60417 [26]

Colour lights

IEC 60073 [25]

Plugs, socket-outlets, and couplers

Requirements for plugs, sockets-outlet, industrial cable couplers, appliance couplers

IEC 60309-1 [61]

Dimensional and interchangeability

IEC 60309-2 [62]

Household plugs, socket-outlets and couplers

IEC TR 60083 [63]

Other couplers and plugs

IEC 60130 (all

parts) [64]

Printed  circuit-boards

Requirements

IEC 62326-1 [65]

Resistors

Potentiometers

IEC 60393-1 [66]

Resistors 1 W to 1 000 W

IEC 60115-4 (all

parts) [67]

Illumination

Illumination fluorescents

IEC 60081 [68]

Tungsten filament lamps

IEC 60064 [69]

NOTE  For electronic components used in auxiliary and control equipment additional information can be found in IEC TR 62063 [70].



List of symbols

 

Description

Symbol

Subclause

Absolute leakage rate

F

3.6.6.4

Absolute leakage rate

Fliq

3.6.7.1

Alarm pressure (or density) for insulation and/or switching

pae (rae)

3.6.5.3

Alarm pressure for operation (or density)

pam ( ram)

3.6.5.4

Filling pressure

pr

7.8.2

Filling pressure (or density) for insulation and/or switching

pre (rre)

3.6.5.1

Filling pressure (or density) for operation

prm ( rrm)

3.6.5.2

Main circuit resistance measured before continuous current test

Ru

8.4

Measured pressure

pm

7.8.2

Minimum functional pressure (or density) for insulation and/or switching

pme ( rme)

3.6.5.5

Minimum functional pressure for operation (or density)

pmm ( rmm)

3.6.5.6

Number of replenishments per day

N

3.6.6.8

Number of replenishments per day

Nliq

3.6.7.3

Partial voltage with respect to earth

Uf

7.2.6.3 b)

Permissible leakage rate

Fp

3.6.6.5

Permissible leakage rate

Fp(liq)

3.6.7.2

Pressure drop

Dp

3.6.6.9

Pressure drop

Dpliq

3.6.7.4

Protection against ingress of water coding

IP

6.14.3

Protection of equipment against mechanical impact under normal service conditions coding

IK

6.14.4

Radio interference voltage test

RIV

7.3

Rated continuous current

Ir

5.5

Rated duration of short-circuit

tk

5.8

Rated frequency

fr

5.4

Rated lightning impulse withstand voltage

Up

5.3

Rated peak withstand current

Ip

5.7

Rated short-duration power-frequency withstand voltage

Ud

5.3

Rated short-time withstand current

Ik

5.6

Rated supply voltage

Ua

5.9.2

Rated supply voltage of closing and opening devices and of auxiliary and control circuits

Ua

5.9

Rated switching impulse withstand voltage

Us

5.3

Rated voltage

Ur

5.2

Relative leakage rate

Frel

3.6.6.6

Time between replenishments

tr

3.6.6.7

Total test voltage

Ut

7.2.6.3 b)


Bibliography


[1]IEC 60447, Basic and safety principles for man-machine interface, marking and identification – Actuating principles


[2]IEC TR 60943:1998, Guidance concerning the permissible temperature rise for parts of electrical equipment, in particular for terminals

IEC TR 60943:1998/AMD1:2008


[3]IEC Guide 117, Electrotechnical equipment – Temperatures of touchable hot surfaces


[4]IEC TR 62271-306, High-voltage switchgear and controlgear – Part 306: Guide to IEC 62271-100, IEC 62271-1 and other IEC standards related to alternating current circuit-breakers


[5]IEC Guide 108,  Guidelines  for  ensuring  the  coherency  of  IEC  publications  –

Application of horizontal standards


[6]IEC 60721-2-4, Classification of environmental conditions – Part 2-4: Environmental conditions appearing in nature – Solar radiation and temperature


[7]IEEE 693, IEEE Recommended practice for seismic design of substations


[8]IEC 60721-2-2, Classification of environmental conditions – Part 2-2: Environmental conditions appearing in nature – Precipitation and wind


[9]IEC 60721-3-3, Classification of environmental conditions – Part 3-3: Classification of groups of environmental parameters and their severities – Stationary use at weatherprotected locations


[10]IEC 60721-3-4, Classification of environmental conditions – Part 3-4: Classification of groups of environmental parameters and their severities – Stationary use at non- weatherprotected locations


[11]IEC 60664-1,  Insulation  coordination  for  equipment  within  low-voltage  systems  –

Part 1: Principles, requirements and tests


[12]IEC TS 62271-304, High voltage switchgear and controlgear – Part 304: Design classes for indoor enclosed switchgear and controlgear for rated voltages above 1 kV up to and including 52 kV to be used in severe climatic conditions


[13]IEC TR 62271-300, High-voltage switchgear and controlgear – Part 300: Seismic qualification of alternating current circuit-breakers


[14]IEC 62271-207, High-voltage switchgear and controlgear – Part 207: Seismic qualification for gas-insulated assemblies for rated voltages above 52 kV


[15]IEC TS 62271-210, High-voltage switchgear and controlgear – Part 210: Seismic qualification for metal enclosed and solid-insulation enclosed switchgear and controlgear assemblies for rated voltages above 1 kV and up to and including 52 kV


[16]IEEE 693, IEEE Recommended practice for seismic design of substations


[17]IEEE C37.81, IEEE Guide for seismic qualification of class 1E Metal-Enclosed Power Switchgear Assemblies


[18]IEC 60721-1, Classification of environmental conditions – Part 1: Environmental parameters and their severities


[19]IEC 60721-2 (all parts), Classification of environmental conditions Part 2:

Environmental conditions appearing in nature


[20]IEC 60721-3 (all parts), Classification of environmental conditions Part 3:

Classification of groups of environmental parameters and their severities


[21]IEEE C37.04, IEEE Standard Rating Structure for AC High-Voltage Circuit Breakers


[22]IEC 61936-1:2010, Power installations exceeding 1 kV a.c. – Part 1: Common rules

IEC 61936-1:2010/AMD1:2014


[23]IEC 61850 (all parts), Communication networks and systems for power utility automation


[24]IEC 62271-3, High-voltage switchgear and controlgear – Part 3: Digital interfaces based on IEC 61850


[25]IEC 60073,  Basic  and  safety  principles  for  man-machine  interface,  marking  and identification – Coding principles for indicators and actuators


[26]IEC 60417, Graphical symbols for use on equipment (available at http://www.graphical- symbols.info/equipment)


[27]IEC 60617, Graphical symbols for diagrams (available at http://std.iec.ch/iec60617)


[28]CIGRE Technical Brochure 430, SF6 Tightness Guide


[29]IEC 60695-1 (all parts), Fire hazard testing – Part 1: Guidance for assessing the fire hazard of electrotechnical products


[30]IEC 60695-7 (all parts), Fire hazard testing – Part 7:Toxicity of fire effluent


[31]IEC 60068-2-17:1994, Basic environmental testing procedures  – Part 2-17: Tests –

Test Q: Sealing


[32]CISPR 16-1 (all parts), Specification for radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus and methods – Part 1: Radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus


[33]IEC 60909-0, Short-circuit currents in three-phase a.c. systems – Part 0: Calculation of currents


[34]IEC TR 60909-1, Short-circuit currents in three-phase a.c. systems – Part 1: Factors for the calculations of short-circuit currents according to IEC 60909-0


[35]IEEE C37.122.5, IEEE  Guide  for  Moisture  Measurement  and  Control  in  SF6 Gas-

Insulated Equipment


[36]IEC 60227 (all parts), Polyvinyl chloride insulated cables of rated voltages up to and including 450/750 V


[37]IEC 60228, Conductors of insulated cables


[38]IEC 60245 (all parts), Rubber insulated cables – Rated voltages up to and including 450/750 V


[39]IEC 60445, Basic and safety principles for man-machine interface, marking and identification – Identification of equipment terminals, conductor terminations and conductors


[40]IEC 60947-7-1, Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear – Part 7-1: Ancillary equipment – Terminal blocks for copper conductors


[41]IEC 60947-7-2, Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear Part 7-2: Ancillary equipment – Protective conductor terminal blocks for copper conductors


[42]IEC 61810 (all parts), Electromechanical elementary relays


[43]IEC 61810-1, Electromechanical elementary relays – Part 1: General and safety requirements


[44]IEC 61810-2, Electromechanical elementary relays – Part  2: Reliability


[45]IEC 60947-4-1, Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear – Part 4-1: Contactors and motor-starters – Electromechanical contactors and motor-starters


[46]IEC 60947-2, Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear – Part 2: Circuit-breakers


[47]IEC 60947-4-2, Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear – Part 4-2: Contactors and motor-starters – AC semiconductor motor controllers and starters


[48]IEC 60947-3, Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear Part 3: Switches, disconnectors, switch-disconnectors and fuse-combination units


[49]IEC 60947-5-1, Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear – Part 5-1: Control circuit devices and switching elements – Electromechanical control circuit devices


[50]IEC 60730-2-13, Automatic electrical controls for household and similar use – Part 2- 13: Particular requirements for humidity sensing controls


[51]IEC 60669-1, Switches for household and similar fixed-electrical installations – Part 1:

General requirements


[52]IEC 60730-2-9, Automatic electrical controls – Part 2-9: Particular requirements for temperature sensing control


[53]IEC 61020-1, Electromechanical switches for use in electrical and electronic equipment

–Part 1: Generic specification


[54]IEC 60269-1, Low-voltage fuses – Part 1: General requirements


[55]IEC 60269-2, Low-voltage fuses – Part 2: Supplementary requirements for fuses for use by authorized persons (fuses mainly for industrial application) – Examples of standardized systems of fuses A to K


[56]IEC 60034-1, Rotating electrical machines – Part 1: Rating and performance


[57]IEC 60051-1, Direct acting indicating analogue electrical measuring instruments and their accessories – Part 1: Definitions and general requirements common to all parts


[58]IEC 60051-2, Direct acting indicating analogue electrical measuring instruments and their accessories – Part 2: Special requirements for ammeters and voltmeters


[59]IEC 60051-4, Direct acting indicating analogue electrical measuring instruments and their accessories – Part 4: Special requirements for frequency meters


[60]IEC 60051-5, Direct acting indicating analogue electrical measuring instruments and their accessories – Part 5: Special requirements for phase meters, power factor meters and synchroscopes


[61]IEC 60309-1,  Plugs,  socket-outlets  and  couplers  for  industrial  purposes  –  Part 1:

General requirements


[62]IEC 60309-2,  Plugs,  socket-outlets  and  couplers  for  industrial  purposes  –  Part 2:

Dimensional interchangeability requirements for pin and contact-tube accessories


[63]IEC TR 60083, Plugs and socket-outlets for domestic and similar general use standardized in member countries of IEC


[64]IEC 60130 (all parts), Connectors for frequencies below 3 MHz


[65]IEC 62326-1, Printed boards – Part 1: Generic specification


[66]IEC 60393-1, Potentiometers for use in electronic equipment – Part 1: Generic specification


[67]IEC 60115-4 (all parts),  Fixed resistors for use in electronic equipment – Part 4:

Sectional specification: Fixed power resistors


[68]IEC 60081, Double-capped fluorescent lamps – Performance specifications


[69]IEC 60064, Tungsten filament lamps for domestic and similar general lighting purposes

–Performance requirements


[70]IEC TR 62063, High-voltage switchgear and controlgear – The use of electronic and associated technologies in auxiliary equipment of switchgear and controlgear


[71]IEC TR 60816:1984, Guide on methods of measurement of short duration transients on low-voltage power and signal lines


[72]IEC TR 62271-307, High-voltage switchgear and controlgear – Part 307: Guidance for the extension of validity of type tests of AC metal and solid-insulation enclosed switchgear and controlgear for rated voltages above 1 kV and up to and including 52 kV


[73]IEEE C37.100.1, IEEE Standard of Common Requirements for High Voltage Power Switchgear Rated Above 1000 V


[74]IEC 60059, IEC standard current ratings


[75]IEC 60068-2 (all parts), Environmental testing – Part 2: Tests