General Characteristics of Transformer Oil
Mineral Oil | Silicone Oil | High mol. Wt. Hydro-carbon | Synthetic ester | Natural ester | |
Dielectric breakdown (kV) | 45 | 40 | 52 | 43 | 56 |
Viscosity (cSt) 40°C | 9.2 | 39 | 113 | 29 | 33 |
Viscosity (cSt) 100°C | 2.3 | 17 | 12 | 5.6 | 8 |
Flash point (°C) | 147 | 300 | 276 | 270 | 324 |
Fire point (°C) | 165 | 343 | 312 | 306 | 360 |
Specific heat | 0.39 | 0.36 | 0.45 | 0.45 | 0.50 |
Pour point (°C) | - 50 | - 55 | - 21 | - 50 | - 21 |
Specific gravity | 0.87 | 0.96 | 0.87 | 0.97 | 0.92 |
Biological oxygen demand (ppm) | 6 | 0 | 6 | 24 | 250 |
Characteristics | IEC 296 (Class II) | ASTM D 3487 | BS 148/84 |
Density at 20°C | < 0.895 | 0.91 | < 0.895 |
Viscosity at 40°C mm²/s | < 11.0 | < 12.0 | < 11.0 |
Viscosity at – 30°C mm²/s | < 1800 | < 1800 | |
Pour Point °C | < - 45 | < - 40 | < - 45 |
Flash point PM °C | > 130 | > 130 | |
Flash point COC °C | > 145 | ||
Neutralisation value Mg KOH/g | < 0.03 | < 0.03 | < 0.03 |
Antioxidant content for uninhibited oils % | Not detectable | 0.08 | Not detectable |
Water content % | < 0.003% for bulk | < 0.0035 % | < 0.003% for bulk |
< 0.004% for drums | < 0.004% for drums | ||
Interfacial tension nM/m | > 40 | > 40 | - |
Breakdown voltage as delivered kV | > 30 | - | > 30 |
Treated kV | > 50 | > 70 | - |
Dielectric dissipation factor at 90°C | 0.005 | 0.003 (at 100°C) | 0.005 |
Oxidation stability | No comparable requirement | ||
The comparisons are between the following national or international standards | |||
IEC | International Electrotechnical Commission | ||
ASTM | American Society for Testing Materials | ||
BS | British Standard |